What is the meaning of the Five Festival Scrolls? What exactly are the Megillot?

What constitutes each of the Five Festival Scrolls? The Megillot are what?

What we call a scroll in English is called a megilla in Hebrew. In its plural form, megillah is referred to as a megillot. Megillot is a generic term for scrolls, but “the” Megillot refers to the five scrolls often read aloud at Jewish festivals.

The five volumes of the Old Testament known as the Festival Scrolls are crucial to Jewish holidays. These are all recited aloud in synagogues during the relevant holidays. There is considerable disagreement among Jewish sects over when and where scripture is to be read. Presented here are the Megillot, or Five Festival Scrolls:

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  • The Sabbath of Passover week is traditionally the time to read Song of Solomon (Song of Songs).
  • It is customary to read the book of Ruth during the Jewish festival of Shavuot (Pentecost).
  • On Tisha B’Av, the ninth day of the Hebrew month of Av, people commemorate the loss of the first and second temples by reading the book of Lamentations (586 BC and AD 70, respectively).
  • The book of Ecclesiastes is read aloud on the Sabbath during the week of Sukkoth (Feast of Tabernacles or Feast of Booths).
  • Traditionally, the book of Esther is read aloud on the holiday of Purim.
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For two of the books, the motive for the feast is obvious. Purim commemorates the Jews’ rescue from Haman’s persecution in Persia, and its origins may be found in the book of Esther. Jeremiah expresses his sorrow at the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple by the Babylonians in 586 BC in the book of Lamentations. Not everything has such a clear connection between books and feasts.

People in Israel are required to live in temporary shelters for a week in honor of the Feast of Tabernacles, which is meant to evoke memories of the people’s time spent in the wilderness. Also highlighted in Ecclesiastes is the transience and ephemerality of human existence.

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In Israel, the harvest season traditionally ends with the Feast of Pentecost. The novel Ruth is a good fit because of its harvest-themed plot.

Last but not least, the Song of Songs (Song of Solomon) is traditionally recited on Passover because, according to one prominent Jewish interpretation, it is an allegory expressing God’s love for Israel. Both the Passover and the Exodus were monumental expressions of such love.

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